Creatinine, an easily measured byproduct of muscle metabolism, is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. So it is an important indicator of renal health. A rise in blood creatinine level is observed only with marked damage to functioning nephrons. A decrease in muscle mass will cause a lower reading of creatinine, as well as pregnancy. Albumin is a main protein of human plasma. Low albumin may be caused by liver diseases nephrotic syndrome etc. High albumin is mostly caused by dehydration. A portable ACR reader is designed which is a POCT (Point Of Care Testing) device and very easy to use. It is essential that the test be carried out with a small volume of urine. POCT for creatinine and albumin concentrations offers advantage of providing a result within minutes outside the hospital which potentially enables faster diagnosis of conditions threatening kidney function. The instrument developed is a great boon for small pathological labs and clinics. Creatinine, an easily measured byproduct of muscle metabolism, is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. So it is an important indicator of renal health. A rise in blood creatinine level is observed only with marked damage to functioning nephrons. A decrease in muscle mass will cause a lower reading of creatinine, as well as pregnancy. Albumin is a main protein of human plasma. Low albumin may be caused by liver diseases nephrotic syndrome etc. High albumin is mostly caused by dehydration. A portable ACR reader is designed which is a POCT (Point Of Care Testing) device and very easy to use. It is essential that the test be carried out with a small volume of urine. POCT for creatinine and albumin concentrations offers advantage of providing a result within minutes outside the hospital which potentially enables faster diagnosis of conditions threatening kidney function. The instrument developed is a great boon for small pathological labs and clinics.

1. Fred D. Lasky, 2,3 Zol Mei C. Li, 3 Douglas D. Shaver, John Savory, 4 M. Geraldine Savory, 4 David G. Willey, 5,6 Beverly J. Mikolak, 5 And Cheryl L. Lantry 5, "Evaluation of a Bromocresol Purple Method for the Determination of Albumin Adapted to the DuPont aca Discrete Clinical Analyzer 1," Clinical Biochemistry, Volume 18, October 1985.
2. Kahl H. Schoeeky, Marlanela Verges Alba Luz Esqulvel, and Miguel A. Chavarria, "Simple Spectrophotometric Determination of Urinary Albumin by Dye-Binding with Use of Bromphenol Blue," CLINICAL CHEMISTRY, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1987 223.
3. Michael J. Pugia, 1 John A. Lott, 2* James A. Profitt, 1 and Todd K. Cast1, "High-Sensitivity Dye Binding Assay for Albumin in Urine," Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 13:180–187 (1999).
4. The albumins (formed from Latin: albumen
5. "(egg) white; dried egg white") are a family of globular proteins https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Albumin
6. Albumin is a protein manufactured by the liver. www. webnat. com/articles/Albumin. asp
7. The urine creatining test measures the am ountofcreatinineinurine. https://www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003610. htm
8. GFR stands for glomerular filtration rate. http://nkdep. nih. gov/resources/explaining-kidney-test-results. shtml
9. Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software http://arduino. cc/de/Guide/Introduction#. UwdjWfmSw1M
10. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications http://www. engineersgarage. com/electronic-components/16x2-lcd-module-datasheet
11. The LiquidCrystal library allows you to control LCD displays that are compatible with the Hitachi HD44780 driver http://arduino. cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal#. Uwdoa_mSw1N
12. A screen-printed three-electrode amperometric biosensor for the rapid and quantitative measurement of single protein solutions is described. S. J. Setford, S. F. White, J. A. Bolbot, Measurement of protein using an electrochemical bi-enzyme sensor, Biosens. Bioelectron. 17 (2002) 79–86.
13. A potentiometric sensor is a type of chemical sensor that may be used to determine the analytical concentration of some components of the analyte gas or solution http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Potentiometric_sensor
14. Amperometric biosensors function by the production of a current when a potential is applied between two electrodeshttp://www1. lsbu. ac. uk/water/enztech/amperometric. html

Electronic Reader Medical Device Creatinine And Albumin.