In WSN Sensor node near to the sink will exhaust their limited energy more rapidly than other sensor nodes, since they will have to forward huge data during multi hop transfer to the base station. Therefore network lifetime will be reduced because of hotspot problem. Important research issue is how to cope up with network lifetime. In this paper, a modified Election based Protocol is proposed, the decision of selecting cluster heads by the sink is based on the additional energy and residual energy and geographical location at each node. Besides, the cluster head also selects the shortest path to reach the sink with the use of the congested link. Simulation results show that our approach enhanced the performance than traditional routing algorithms, such as LEACH.

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Wireless Sensor Networks Multipath Routing Packet Loss Life Time Clustering.