The wireless sensor network has become a very essential and important part of communication world. In recent years there are extensive applications of wireless sensor networks in the field such as environment monitoring, surveillance, enemy tracking, automation etc. Since the available energy of sensor nodes are limited and hard to renew, energy supervision is critical for nodes in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a dynamic multi hop routing technique using residual energy based clustering algorithm to prolong network lifetime. Here, clusters are formed using certain suitable parameters such as remaining energy of the nodes, its centrality and cluster head selection frequency. After collecting all data within a cluster, the cluster head forward the data to the base station, if required via another cluster heads. In this way the proposed method generates an energy efficient routing path from each sensor to the base station. Simulation results show that our approach effectively conserves energy for cluster heads as well as cluster members and prolong their life time significantly. Thus the proposed algorithm improves the nodes life time.

1. W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, "An Application-Specific Protocol Architecture for Wireless Microsensor Networks," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 660–670, October 2002.
2. Wendi Heinzelman, Anantha Chandrakasan, and Hari Balakrishnan. Energy- Efficient Communicat ion Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, January 4-7, 2000 © 2000 IEEE.
3. M. J. Handy, M. Haase, and D. Timmermann, "Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy with deterministic cluster-head selection," in Proc. 4th IEEE International Workshop on Mobile and Wireless Communications Network (MWCN '02), pp. 368-372, Stockholm, Sweden, September 2002.
4. I. Saha Misra, S. Dolui and A. Das, "Enhanced-Efficient Adaptive Clustering Protocol for distributed sensor networks", ICON 2005
5. A. Manjeshwar and D. P. Agrawal, "An Efficient Sensor Network Routing Protocol (APTEEN) with Comprehensive Information Retrieval," Proc. Second Int'l Workshop Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, Apr. 2002.
6. Ossama Younis, Sonia Fahmy, "HEED: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, Distributed Clustering Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 03, no. 4, pp. 366-379, Oct. , 2004.
7. Yongcai Wang, Qianchuan Zhao and Dazhong Zheng, "Energy-Driven Adaptive Clustering Data Collection Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks", Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Intelligent Mechatronics and Automation , Chengdu, China August 2004
8. Loscri' V. , Marano S. , Morabito G. , " A Two-Levels Hierarchy for Low-Energy Adaptative Clustering Hierarchy (TL-LEACH). ". Proceedings "VTC2005", Dallas (USA), pp. 1809-1813, Sept, 2005
9. Junpei Kamimura and Naoki Wakamiya and Masayuki Murata, "Energy-efficient clustering method for data gathering in sensor networks," in Proceedings of First Workshop ON Broad-band Advanced Sensor Networks and October 2004
10. Zengwei Zheng, Zhaohui Wu, and Huaizhong Lin. An Event-Driven Clustering Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. Proceedings of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. Sendai, Japan, Sep. 28 - Oct. 2, 2004.
11. M. C. Vuran, O. B. Akan, I. F. Akyildiz, "Spatio-Temporal Correlation: Theory and Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks," Computer Networks Journal (Elsevier), vol. 45, no 3, pp. 245 -259, June 2004
12. SunHee Yoon and Cyrus Shahabi, "Exploiting Spatial Correlation Towards an Energy Efficient Clustered AGgregation Technique (CAG)", IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 16-20 May 2005, Seoul, Korea
13. S. Singh, M. Woo and C. S. Raghavendra, "Power-Aware Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks", in Proceedings ACM/IEEE Mobicom'98, 1998.
14. Q. Jiang and D. Manivannan , "Routing Protocols for Sensor Networks," in proceedings 1st IEEE Consumer Comm. And Networking Conf. (CCNC 04), IEEE Press, pp. 93-98, 2004. Alive nodes LEACH Proposed Rounds.

Cluster Head (ch) Base Station (bs) Wireless Sensor Network Residual Energy Energy Efficiency Network Lifetime Leach Advertisement Packet (adv).