The optimization of the performance of optical waveguides requires the knowledge of the propagation characteristics, field distribution and their dependence on the fabrication parameters. As the range of guiding structures and the depending parameters becomes more intricate, the need for computer analysis becomes greater and more demanding. Therefore, there is a great deal of interest in theoretical methods of waveguide analysis. The Finite Element Method (FEM) gives the elaborate and in depth analysis of the waveguide problems in all dimensions. This project presents a method for computing the propagation modes of an optical fiber. Finite element Method Analysis reduces Maxwell's equation to standard eigen value equation involving symmetric tri-diagonal matrices. Routines compute their eigen values and eigenvectors, and from these the waveforms, propagation constants, and delays (per unit length) of the modes are obtained. The method is reliable, economical, and comprehensive, applying to both single and multimode fibers with different refractive index profiles.

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Eigenvalue Eigenvector Fem Field Distribution Open Boundary Problem.