We apologize for a recent technical issue with our email system, which temporarily affected account activations. Accounts have now been activated. Authors may proceed with paper submissions. PhDFocusTM
CFP last date
20 December 2024
Reseach Article

Design of Low Transition Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator for BIST Applications

by Lubna Naim, Tarana A. Chandel
International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 87 - Number 15
Year of Publication: 2014
Authors: Lubna Naim, Tarana A. Chandel
10.5120/15285-3924

Lubna Naim, Tarana A. Chandel . Design of Low Transition Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator for BIST Applications. International Journal of Computer Applications. 87, 15 ( February 2014), 26-30. DOI=10.5120/15285-3924

@article{ 10.5120/15285-3924,
author = { Lubna Naim, Tarana A. Chandel },
title = { Design of Low Transition Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator for BIST Applications },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { February 2014 },
volume = { 87 },
number = { 15 },
month = { February },
year = { 2014 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 26-30 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume87/number15/15285-3924/ },
doi = { 10.5120/15285-3924 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T22:06:01.014905+05:30
%A Lubna Naim
%A Tarana A. Chandel
%T Design of Low Transition Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator for BIST Applications
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 87
%N 15
%P 26-30
%D 2014
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

Built in self testing (BIST) is most attractive technique to test different kind of circuits. In BIST, test patterns are generated by different techniques of test pattern generation and applied to the circuit under test (CUT). In pseudorandom BIST architecture, test patterns are generated by Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). Due to high Switching in pattern generation by conventional LFSR, power dissipation is high in conventional LFSR. Power is an important constraint in VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) testing. This paper presents a modification in LFSR to generate pattern for BIST applications with reduced power requirement. This new technique represent low transition pattern pseudorandom generator (LT-PRG) for Test-per-Clock and Test-per-Scan BIST applications. The LT-PRPG is designed with the use of a LFSR and a 2x1 multiplexer. Experimental results show that the implementation of Bit-Swapping LFSR can reduce the internal transition activity probability which directly affect the dissipation of power in CUT without affecting the fault coverage.

References
  1. Y. Zorian, ?A distributed BIST control scheme for complex VLSI devices in Proc. 11th IEEE VTS, Apr. 1993, pp. 4-9.
  2. A. Hertwig and H. J. Wunderlich, ?Low power serial built-in self-test in Proc. IEEE Eur. Test Workshop, May 1998, pp. 49-53.
  3. P. H. Bardell, W. H. McAnney, and J. Savir, Built-in Test for VLSI: Pseudorandom Techniques. New York: Wiley, 1997
  4. M. Bushnell and V. Agrawal, Essentials of Electronic Testing for Digital, Memory, and Mixed Signal VLSI Circuits, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2002).
  5. Ajit Kumar Mohanty, Biswanath Pratap Sahu, Chandan Patnaik, S. S. Mahato. "Low Power Test Pattern Generator for System on Chip Architecture", International Conference on Computing, Communication and Sensor Network (CCSN)
  6. S. Wang and S. K. Gupta, ''LT-RTPG: A New Test-Per-Scan BIST TPG for Low Heat Dissipation" University of Southern California Computer Engineering Technical Report CENG- 99-05, 1999.
  7. Seagmoon Wang ,, " A BIST TGP for low power dissipation and high fault coverage", IEE transaction on very large scale integration ( VLSI ) system, vol. 15, no. 7 july 2007
  8. P. Girard, "Survey of low-power testing of VLSI circuits", IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 19(3), pp. 80-90, June 2002. P. Girard, X. Wen, and N. Touba, Low power testing, in System On Chip Test Architectures, L. -T. Wang, C. A. Stroud, and N. Touba, Editors, Morgan Kaufmann. pp. 307-350, 2008.
  9. P. Girard, "Survey of low-power testing of VLSI circuits", IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 19(3), pp. 80-90, June 2002
  10. M. Bushnell and V. Agrawal, Essentials of Electronic Testing for Digital A Memory, and Mixed Signal VLSI Circuits, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.
  11. V. Agrawal, C. R. Kime, and K. Saluja, "A tutorial on built-in self-test - part 1: principles", IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 10(1), pp. 73-82, March 1993.
  12. V. Agrawal, C. R. Kime, and K. K. Saluja, "A tutorial on built-in self test - part 2: applications", IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 10(1), pp. 69-77, June 1993.
  13. V. Agrawal, C. -J. Lin, P. W. Rutkowski, S. Wu, and Y. Zorian, "Built-in self-test for digital integrated circuits", AT&T Technical Journal, pp. 30-39, March 1994
  14. P. H. Bardell, W. H. McAnney, and J. Savir, Built-in test for VLSI: pseudorandom techniques, John Wiley & Sons, 1987.
  15. R. Aitken, "Nanometer technology effects on fault models for IC testing", Computer, 32(11), pp. 46-51, November 1999.
  16. R. Garcia, "Rethink fault models for submicron-IC test", Test and Measurement World, 21(12), pp. 35-40, October 2001.
  17. H. K. Lee and D. S. Ha, "An efficient forward fault simulation algorithm based on the parallel pattern single fault propagation", Proceedings of the 1999 International Test Conference, pp. 946-955, October 1991.
  18. 18. P. H. Bardell and W. H. McAnney, "Pseudorandom arrays for built-in test", IEEE Transactions on Computers, C-35(7), pp. 653-658, July 1986.
  19. A. P. Chandrakasan, S. Sheng, and R. W. Brodersen, "Low power CMOS digital design", IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 27(4), pp. 473-484, April 1992.
  20. M. Pedram, "Power minimization in IC design: Principles and applications", ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES), 1(1), pp. 3-56, January 1996.
  21. P. H. Bardell, W. H. McAnney, and J. Savir, Built-in test for VLSI: pseudorandom techniques, John Wiley & Sons, 1987.
  22. R. David, Random Testing of Digital Circuits, Theory and Applications, Marcel Dekker Inc. , 1998.
  23. A. S. Abu-Issa and S. F. Quigley, "Bit-Swapping LFSR and Scan-Chain Ordering: A Novel Technique for Peak and Average Power Reduction in Scan-Based BIST", IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 28(5), May 2009, pp. 755-759.
  24. A. S. Abu-Issa and S. F. Quigley, "Bit-Swapping LFSR for Low Power BIST", Electronics Letters, 44(6), March 2008, pp. 401- 403.
  25. J. Monzel, S. C hakravarty, V. Agrawal, R. Aitken, J. Braden, J. Figueras, S. Kumar, H. Wunderlich, and Y. Zorian, "Power dissipation during testing: Should we worry about it?" 15th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, pp. Panel Session, April 1997.
  26. J. Saxena, K. M. Butler, and L. Whetsel, "An Analysis of power reduction techniques in scan testing", Proceedings of International Test Conference, pp. 670-677, October 2001.
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Built-in-Self-Test(BIST) Bit-Swapping LFSR(BS-LFSR) Weighted Switching activity Test pattern generation Transition Low Power