We apologize for a recent technical issue with our email system, which temporarily affected account activations. Accounts have now been activated. Authors may proceed with paper submissions. PhDFocusTM
CFP last date
20 December 2024
Call for Paper
January Edition
IJCA solicits high quality original research papers for the upcoming January edition of the journal. The last date of research paper submission is 20 December 2024

Submit your paper
Know more
The week's pick
Responsive image
Improved Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Self-Adaptive Shuffling for Fuzzy Logic PD+G Controller Optimization in Robotic Manipulators

Duc Hoang Nguyen
Random Articles
Reseach Article

From Flush to Energy Model: Solution of World’s Biggest Open Toilet (Indian Railways)

by Virendra Kumar Yadav, Saumya Batham, Amit Kumar Mallik
journal cover thumbnail

International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 67 - Number 20
Year of Publication: 2013
Authors: Virendra Kumar Yadav, Saumya Batham, Amit Kumar Mallik
10.5120/11513-7232

Virendra Kumar Yadav, Saumya Batham, Amit Kumar Mallik . From Flush to Energy Model: Solution of World’s Biggest Open Toilet (Indian Railways). International Journal of Computer Applications. 67, 20 ( April 2013), 35-37. DOI=10.5120/11513-7232

@article{ 10.5120/11513-7232,
author = { Virendra Kumar Yadav, Saumya Batham, Amit Kumar Mallik },
title = { From Flush to Energy Model: Solution of World’s Biggest Open Toilet (Indian Railways) },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { April 2013 },
volume = { 67 },
number = { 20 },
month = { April },
year = { 2013 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 35-37 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume67/number20/11513-7232/ },
doi = { 10.5120/11513-7232 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T21:25:58.793315+05:30
%A Virendra Kumar Yadav
%A Saumya Batham
%A Amit Kumar Mallik
%T From Flush to Energy Model: Solution of World’s Biggest Open Toilet (Indian Railways)
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 67
%N 20
%P 35-37
%D 2013
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

Indian Railways was being roundly criticized for creating an environment hazard by discharging toilet waste on tracks. IR coaches have toilet system that has hole on the floor through which human feces and urine is flushed directly on railway tracks. Various types of environment friendly Green toilets have put on outfields trials by Indian Railways to overcome this problem. Controlled Discharge Toilet System (CDTS), Bio-toilet developed by Indian Railways engineers and DRDO biotechnologists, development of Zero Discharge Toilet System (ZDTS) by IIT Kanpur and Research Development and Standards Organization (RDSO) Lucknow, are some efforts in this direction. These technologies are more expensive due to inherent complexities, disposal problem at yards (ZDTS) and requirement of extra infrastructure at the terminal. FFEM approach not only solves these problems but also convert toilet waste into energy which can be utilized further in lighting at platforms or some other useful purposes.

References
  1. Indian Railways http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Indian_Railways (Last Accessed on 02/03/2013).
  2. Dr. Manoj Hedaoo, Dr. Suchita Hirde, Ms. Arshi Khan "Sanitation in Indian Railways Premises: A great cause of concern" International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology, IJAET/vol. III/issue I/ January-March, 2012/ 50-55.
  3. Rediff News (January 28, 2007) "Indian Railways sued unhygienic waste disposal" http://www. rediff. com/news/report/rail/20070128. htm (Last Accessed on 04/03/2013).
  4. The Times of India (November 28, 2012) "Railways needs a bug to keep toilets clean" http://articles. timesofindia. indiatimes. com/2012-11-28/chennai/35410640_1_toilet-system-discharge-toilets-indian-railways (Last Accessed on 03/02/2013).
  5. Smart Planet (October 7, 2010) "Human waste now heats British homes" www. smartplanet. com/blog/intelligent-energy/human-waste-now-heats-british-homes/3020 (Last Accessed on 12/12/2012).
  6. Passenger train toilet en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Passenger_train_toilet (Last Accessed on 21/12/2012).
  7. Dell Social Innovation Challenge " A solution for better hygiene, sanitation, waste disposal, generation of bio-fuel and creation of jobs" http://www. dellchallenge. org/projects/clean2green-solutions (Last Accessed on 11/03/2013)
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Flush Expert Device (FED) Signal Indicator (SI) Biogas Plant Temporary Storage Tank (TST) Septic Tank Expert Device (STED) Minimum Filled Level (MFL)

Powered by PhDFocusTM