We apologize for a recent technical issue with our email system, which temporarily affected account activations. Accounts have now been activated. Authors may proceed with paper submissions. PhDFocusTM
CFP last date
20 November 2024
Call for Paper
December Edition
IJCA solicits high quality original research papers for the upcoming December edition of the journal. The last date of research paper submission is 20 November 2024

Submit your paper
Know more
The week's pick
Responsive image
An Efficient Restoration Method for the Faint Dot Matrix Images

Ao Zhu Peng Cao
Random Articles
Reseach Article

Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique using Image Normalization and Discrete Cosine Transformation

by Amitesh Kumar, Ashish Kr. Luhach, Dhermendra Pal
journal cover thumbnail

International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 65 - Number 18
Year of Publication: 2013
Authors: Amitesh Kumar, Ashish Kr. Luhach, Dhermendra Pal
10.5120/11022-4985

Amitesh Kumar, Ashish Kr. Luhach, Dhermendra Pal . Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique using Image Normalization and Discrete Cosine Transformation. International Journal of Computer Applications. 65, 18 ( March 2013), 5-13. DOI=10.5120/11022-4985

@article{ 10.5120/11022-4985,
author = { Amitesh Kumar, Ashish Kr. Luhach, Dhermendra Pal },
title = { Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique using Image Normalization and Discrete Cosine Transformation },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { March 2013 },
volume = { 65 },
number = { 18 },
month = { March },
year = { 2013 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 5-13 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume65/number18/11022-4985/ },
doi = { 10.5120/11022-4985 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T21:19:10.269044+05:30
%A Amitesh Kumar
%A Ashish Kr. Luhach
%A Dhermendra Pal
%T Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique using Image Normalization and Discrete Cosine Transformation
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 65
%N 18
%P 5-13
%D 2013
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

In recent days the computer communication and the usage of multimedia data is enormous over the Internet, so protection of these data from malicious attacks and signal processing operations are very important. A robust watermarking system must be developed to withstand attacks such as rotation, scaling and translation technique (RST attacks). In this paper, a robust watermarking technique using DCT transformation technique and normalization procedure is proposed. The image normalization is just used for calculating the affine transform parameters so that the watermark embedding and detection is performed in the original coordinates system. The results assure that the proposed algorithm is robust against various other types of attacks also such as salt & peeper, low-pass filter, high-pass filter, Gaussian noise, Speckle noise and perform much better for geometrical attacks e. g. rotation, scaling and the combination of these attacks, translation.

References
  1. H Kwon,Y S Kim, R H Park "A Variable Block-Size DCT Based Watermarking Method" Volume 45,Issue : 4; pp: 1221-1229 IEEE 1999.
  2. M. A. Suhail, M. S. Obaidat " A Watermarking Technique For Geometric Manipulation Attack" Publication Year: 2005, pp: 1 - 5 IEEE 2001.
  3. S F M Guoqiang, G Hongato, "Robust Image Watermarking Research Based on DCT Transform", IEEE Transaction on Image Processing, Vol. 11, NO. 11 May 2004
  4. Z Xiaoli, Lv Xin " A Novel Watermarking Algorithm Resist to Geometrical Attack" IEEE International Conference on Electric Commerce and Business Intelligence 2009
  5. Technique related to watermarking technique, www. webopedia. com/TERM/D/digital_watermark. html
  6. Dong Zheng ,Y Liu,J Zhao, A E Sadik "A survey of RST Invarient Image Watermarking Algorithm" , ACM Computing Surveys , Vol 39, No-2, Article 5, June 2007.
  7. M. Alghonimey and A. H. Tewfik "Geometric Invariance in Image Watermarking", IEEE Transaction on Image Processing, Vol. 13, No. 2, February 2004
  8. J. O'Ruanaidh and T. Pun, "Rotation, Scale, and Translation Invariant Digital Image Watermarking", Signal Processing, Vol. 66 No. 3, 1998, pp. 303-317.
  9. M. Alghoniemy and A. Tewfik, "Progressive Quantized Projection Watermarking Scheme" in Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 99, Vol. 1, 1999, pp. 295-298.
  10. D. Zheng, J. Zhao, A. El Saddik, "RST invariant digital image watermarking based on log-polar mapping and phase correlation", IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, Vol. 9 No. 6, September 2003.
  11. D. Zheng, J. Zhao. "A novel RST-invariant digital image watermarking scheme", Third International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, edited by Lu, Hanqing; Zhang, Tianxu, Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 5286, 2003, pp. 477-480.
  12. B. Kim, J. Choi, K. Park, F. Petitcolas, K. Hyoung Joong, "Image normalization using Invariant Centroid for RST Invariant digital image watermarking", First International workshop on digital watermarking, Seoul, Vol. 2613, 2002, pp. 202-211.
  13. S. Pereira and T. Pun, "Robust template matching for affine resistant image watermarks", IEEE Trans. Image Process. , vol 9, no. 6, pp. 1123-1129, Jun. 2000
  14. M. Alvarez-Rodríguez and F. Pérez-González, "Analysis of pilot-based synchronization algorithms for watermarking of still images," Signal Process. :Image Commun. ,vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 661–633, Sep. 2002.
  15. I J Cox,M L Miller,J A Bloob " Digital Watermarking" Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Second Edition
  16. J. Xuan, H. Zhang and L. Wang, "Rotation, scaling and translation invariant image watermarking based on Radon transform", Visual Communications and Image Processing, edited by Li, Shipeng; Pereira, Fernando; Shum, Heung-Yeung; Tescher, Andrew G. , Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 5960, 2005, pp. 1499-1505.
  17. Ali Al-Haj, "Combined DWT-DCT Digital Image Watermarking" ISSN 1549-3636, Journal of Computer Science 3 (9): 740-746, 2007
  18. Rao, K. and P. Yip. Discrete Cosine Transform: algorithms, advantages, applications. Academic Press, USA, 1990.
  19. Discrete Cosine Transformation www. cs. cf. ac. uk/Dave/Multimedia/node231. html
  20. . Chu, W, 2003. "DCT-Based Image Watermarking Using Subsampling," IEEE Trans. Multimedia, 5(1): 34-38.
  21. . Lin, S. and C. Chin, 2000. "A Robust DCT-based Watermarking for Copyright Protection," IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, 46(3): 415-421.
  22. . Deng, F. and B. Wang, 2003. "A novel technique for robust image watermarking in the DCT domain," in Proc. of the IEEE 2003 Int. Conf. on Neural Networks and Signal Processing, vol. 2, pp: 1525-1528.
  23. . Wu, C. and W. Hsieh, 2000. "Digital watermarking using zerotree of DCT," IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 46, no. 1, pp: 87-94.
  24. Irene Rothe, Herbert Susse, and Klaus Voss "The Method of Normalization to Determine Invariants", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATFERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE, VOL. IS, NO. 4, APRIL 1996
  25. Yaser S. Abu-Mostafa, Demetri Psaltis " Image Normalization by Complex Moments, IEEE Transsaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, VOL. PAMI-7, No-1, JANUARY 1985
  26. Soo- Chang Pei, Chao-Nan Lin "Image Normalization for Pattern Recognition" Image and Vision Computing Volume 13 Number 10. Elsevier Science B. V. December 1995
  27. F. K. Mohamed, R. Abbes " RST Robust Watermarking Schema Based on Image Normalizationand DCT Decomposition" M. J. C. S. ,Vol. 20(1), 2007
  28. Ping Dong, Jovan G. Brankov, Nikolas P. Galatsanos,Yongyi Yang & Frank Davoine " Digital Watermarking Robust to Geometric Distortions " IEEE Transaction on Image Processing, Vol. 14, NO. 12,DECEMBER 2005
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Digital Watermarking Geometric Distortion Transform domain watermarking Image normalization Discrete Cosine Transformation

Powered by PhDFocusTM