The week's pick
Reseach Article
Adaptive Hybrid Video Watermarking using WBCT and NMF
| International Journal of Computer Applications |
| Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA |
| Volume 56 - Number 16 |
| Year of Publication: 2012 |
| Authors: K. Kishore Kumar, Movva Pavani, V. Seshu Babu |
10.5120/8975-3162
|
K. Kishore Kumar, Movva Pavani, V. Seshu Babu . Adaptive Hybrid Video Watermarking using WBCT and NMF. International Journal of Computer Applications. 56, 16 ( October 2012), 18-25. DOI=10.5120/8975-3162
Abstract
Watermarking techniques are mainly used for protecting intellectual property right. This paper proposes a new hybrid nonblind video watermarking technique using wavelet contourlet transform and nonnegative matrix factorization Wavelet transform processed images are losing edge information. The Contourlet transform has good approximation properties for smooth 2D functions and finds a direct discrete space construction. But its performance is considered to be redundant. There evolved wavelet based contourlet transform (WBCT), as a nonredundant version of the contourlet transform. WBCT is used for watermarking video frames. The non negative matrix factorization (NMF) is used as dimension reduction technique in watermarking. NMF is applied to low pass and directional high pass sub bands which results from WBCT of each original video frame and gray scale watermark images. Embedding action is performed in low pass sub-band of WBCT processed video frame. The hybrid scheme improves the performance of watermarking scheme. The experimental results shows that the proposed video watermarking scheme provides better video processing operations such as cropping, rotation, histogram equalization ,compression, variety of noises , frame dropping, frame averaging and frame swapping and etc.
References
- Yeo and M. M. Yeung, "Analysis and synthesis for new digital video applications,", International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP'97),vol. 1, pp. 1,1997.
- G. Langelaar, I. Setyawan and R. Lagendijk, watermarking Digital Image and Video Data: A State of - Art Overview," IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. pp. 20-46, Sep. 2000.
- F. Hartung and B. Girod, "Watermarking of uncompressed and compressed video," Signal Processing, 1998,vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 283-301.
- T. Khatib, A. Haj, L. Rajab, H. Mohammed, " A Robust Video Watermarking Algorithm", Journal of Computer. science vol. 4,pp. 910-915, 2008
- T. Tokar, T. Kanocz, D. Levicky, "Digital watermarking of uncompressed video in spatial domain," 9th International Conference on Radioelectronica, IEEE, pp. 319-322, 2009.
- J. Meng, and S. Chang, "Embedding Visible Video Watermarks in the Compressed Domain", International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 98, Proceedings, vol. 1,pp. 474-477 ,1998.
- P. W. Chan, M. R Lyu, R. T. Chin, "A Novel Scheme for Hybrid Digital Video Watermarking," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems For Video Technology, vol. 15, no. 12, December 2005.
- G. Doërr, J. L. Dugelay , "A guide tour of video watermarking,"Signal Processing: Image Commun. , vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 263–282,April 2003.
- Y. R. Lin, H. Y. Huang and W. H Hsu, "An embedded watermark technique in video for copyright protection", IEEE,18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition , vol 00. , pp. 795-798, 2006.
- C. V. Serdean, M. A. Ambroze. , M. Tomlinson, J. G. Wade, "DWT Based Video Watermarking for Copyright Protection, Invariant to Geometrical Attacks", Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Communication Systems Networks and Digital Signal Processing – CSNDSP'02, Stafford, UK, pp. 15-17 July 2002.
- I. J. Cox, J. Kilian, F. T. Leighton and T. Shamoon, "Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia," IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, 1997, vol 6, no 12,pp. 1673-1687.
- C. H. Li and S. S. Wang, "Transform-Based Watermarking for Digital Images and Video," IEEE International Conference, June1999.
- S. Sinha, S. Pramanick, A. Jagatramka,P. Bardhan,D. K. Kole,A. Chakraborty, "Digital Video Watermarking using Singular Value Decomposition", Proceedings on IEEE EDS Student Paper Conference, pp. 53-56, 2011.
- D. Lee and H. Seung, "Learning the parts of objects by nonnegative matrix factorization," Nature,vol. 401, pp. 788-791, 1999.
- D. Lee and H. Seung, "Algorithms for nonnegative matrix factorization," Adv. in Neural Info. Proc. Systems, 13, 2000.
- Salwa A. K. Mostafa, A. S. Tolba, F. M. Abdelkader, Hisham M. Elhindy, "Video Watermarking Scheme based on Principal Component Analysis and Wavelet Transform", IJCSNS: International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, Volume9, No: 8, August 2009.
Index Terms
Keywords