We apologize for a recent technical issue with our email system, which temporarily affected account activations. Accounts have now been activated. Authors may proceed with paper submissions. PhDFocusTM
CFP last date
20 November 2024
Call for Paper
December Edition
IJCA solicits high quality original research papers for the upcoming December edition of the journal. The last date of research paper submission is 20 November 2024

Submit your paper
Know more
The week's pick
Responsive image
Improved Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Self-Adaptive Shuffling for Fuzzy Logic PD+G Controller Optimization in Robotic Manipulators

Duc Hoang Nguyen
Random Articles
Reseach Article

The Minimum Number of Iterations Required to Replicate Binary Images using Discrete One-dimensional Dynamical Systems and a Retrocausal Updation Rule

by Sugata Mitra
journal cover thumbnail

International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 174 - Number 26
Year of Publication: 2021
Authors: Sugata Mitra
10.5120/ijca2021921183

Sugata Mitra . The Minimum Number of Iterations Required to Replicate Binary Images using Discrete One-dimensional Dynamical Systems and a Retrocausal Updation Rule. International Journal of Computer Applications. 174, 26 ( Mar 2021), 6-12. DOI=10.5120/ijca2021921183

@article{ 10.5120/ijca2021921183,
author = { Sugata Mitra },
title = { The Minimum Number of Iterations Required to Replicate Binary Images using Discrete One-dimensional Dynamical Systems and a Retrocausal Updation Rule },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { Mar 2021 },
volume = { 174 },
number = { 26 },
month = { Mar },
year = { 2021 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 6-12 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume174/number26/31836-2021921183/ },
doi = { 10.5120/ijca2021921183 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-07T00:23:08.050447+05:30
%A Sugata Mitra
%T The Minimum Number of Iterations Required to Replicate Binary Images using Discrete One-dimensional Dynamical Systems and a Retrocausal Updation Rule
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 174
%N 26
%P 6-12
%D 2021
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

Agents affected by their own future states in a one-dimensional discrete dynamical system (1-DDS) can replicate two-dimensional images. A novel and practical set of two rules have been developed in this paper to calculate the number of iterations required for exact replication. It is argued that retrocausal updation used by 1-DDS can replicate any n-dimensional digital object. It is shown that the way iterations reach a final image are different for randomly generated images and non-random images. This paper suggests a simple method for replicating and detecting non-randomness in images.

References
  1. Wolfram, S. (1983). “Statistical Mechanics of Cellular Automata,” Reviews of Modern Physics, 55 601–644. http://lattice.ifsc.usp.br/~lattice/oldlattice/artigo-wolfram-cellular-autom.pdf
  2. Willson, S. J. “Cellular Automata Can Generate Fractals,” Discrete Applied Mathematics, 8(1), 1984 pp. 91–99.doi:10.1016/0166-218X(84)90082-9.
  3. Willson, S. J. “Computing Fractal Dimensions for Additive Cellular Automata,” Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 24(1–3), 1987 pp. 190–206. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(87)90074-1.
  4. Willson, S. J. “Growth Rates and Fractional Dimensions in Cellular Automata,” Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 10(1–2), 1984 pp. 69–74. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(84)90250-1.
  5. Culik II, K. and Dube, S. “Fractal and Recurrent Behavior of Cellular Automata,” Complex Systems, 3(3), 1989 pp. 253–267. complex-systems.com/pdf/03-3-3.pdf.
  6. Fredkin, E. “An Informational Process Based on Reversible Universal Cellular Automata,” Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 45(1–3), 1990 pp. 254–270. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(90)90186-S.
  7. Mitra, S. and Kumar, S. “Fractal Replication in Time-Manipulated One-Dimensional Cellular Automata,” Complex Systems, 16(3), 2006 pp. 191–197. complex-systems.com/pdf/16-3-1.pdf.
  8. Gravner, J. and Griffeath, D. “The One-Dimensional Exactly 1 Cellular Automaton: Replication, Periodicity, and Chaos from Finite Seeds,” Journal of Statistical Physics, 142(1), 2011 pp. 168–200. doi:10.1007/s10955-010-0103-9.
  9. Inabathini, S. & L. J. Replication of a Binary Image on a One-Dimensional Cellular Automaton with Linear Rules. Complex Systems. 2018;27(4):415–430. Available from: 10.25088/ComplexSystems.27.4.415
  10. An introduction to discrete dynamical systems, Internet: “Math Insight” https://mathinsight.org/discrete_dynamical_system_introduction
  11. Bonabeau, Eric (2002). Agent-based modeling: Methods and techniques for simulating human systems, PNAS vol. 99 suppl. 3, pp7280–7287. https://www.pnas.org/content/99/suppl_3/7280 .
  12. Shiffman, D. (2012). Chapter 7, The Nature of Code – Simulating Natural Systems with Code. https://www.amazon.com/Nature-Code-Simulating-Natural-Processing/dp/0985930802
  13. Rouhaud, J. (2000). Cellular automata and consumer behaviour, European Journal of Economic and Social Systems 14 N° 1 37-52. https://ejess.edpsciences.org/articles/ejess/pdf/2000/01/rouhaud.pdf?access=ok
  14. Duhamel, P. and Kieffer, M. Joint Source-Channel Decoding (2010), Academic Press, https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-19065-7
  15. Mitra, Sugata.(2002) ‘Meaning in Binary Strings’, Introduction to Multimedia Systems, Academic Press, pp. 151. Also downloadable from https://7551850c-18fa-45d6-98bc-8e2829cc3850.filesusr.com/ugd/369ee5_d5ddac04b3e14a37939ed8b1f8f521f3.pdf
  16. Corona Virus Data (2020), from ourworldindata.org https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-source-data
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Image replication retrocausality toroidal spacetime discrete dynamical systems cellular automata agents

Powered by PhDFocusTM