CFP last date
20 December 2024
Reseach Article

Optimal Latency in Collaborative Virtual Environment to Increase User Performance: A Survey

by Shah Khalid, Sehat Ullah, Aftab Alam And Fakhrud Din
International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 142 - Number 3
Year of Publication: 2016
Authors: Shah Khalid, Sehat Ullah, Aftab Alam And Fakhrud Din
10.5120/ijca2016909723

Shah Khalid, Sehat Ullah, Aftab Alam And Fakhrud Din . Optimal Latency in Collaborative Virtual Environment to Increase User Performance: A Survey. International Journal of Computer Applications. 142, 3 ( May 2016), 35-47. DOI=10.5120/ijca2016909723

@article{ 10.5120/ijca2016909723,
author = { Shah Khalid, Sehat Ullah, Aftab Alam And Fakhrud Din },
title = { Optimal Latency in Collaborative Virtual Environment to Increase User Performance: A Survey },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { May 2016 },
volume = { 142 },
number = { 3 },
month = { May },
year = { 2016 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 35-47 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume142/number3/24879-2016909723/ },
doi = { 10.5120/ijca2016909723 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T23:43:59.504745+05:30
%A Shah Khalid
%A Sehat Ullah
%A Aftab Alam And Fakhrud Din
%T Optimal Latency in Collaborative Virtual Environment to Increase User Performance: A Survey
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 142
%N 3
%P 35-47
%D 2016
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

In this paper we evaluate Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) in terms of network latency. Network Latency main requirements, given in the literature for CVEs, have been summarized. We also discuss effects of network latency on users’ performance in the CVEs. Different factors can improve, by minimizing overall network latency, the performance of users in the CVEs. This review provides a comprehensive inside look to network latency in the CVEs and will help the researchers to adopt a network, with minimum latency, for their CVEs. The algorithms and ideas, suggested by the researchers, to be adopted by the CVEs to minimize network latency in virtual environment, are also discussed critically. Reducing network latency will ultimately improve the overall efficiency of CVEs.

References
  1. A. Alam, S. Ullah, S. Khalid, Fakhr, I. Rabi, “Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW) and Network Issues: A Survey”, Information Journal Tokyo Japan, pp. 7995-8020, 2014.
  2. Gibson, W. Neoromancer. Grafton Books, 1989.Gaston K J. Global pattern in biodiversity. Nature 2000; 405(1):220-7.
  3. Churchill, E.F. and Snowdon, D. “Collaborative Virtual Environments: An Introductory Review of Issues and Systems. In Virtual Reality: Research, Development and Applications”, 3, pp3-15, 1998.
  4. Roberts, D., Wolff, R., Otto, O., Kranzlmueller, D., Anthes, C., and Steed, A. “Supporting social human communication between distributed walk-in displays”. In VRST ’04: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology, pages 81–88, New York, NY, USA. ACM 2004.
  5. Greenhalgh, C. and Benford, S. Massive: “A collaborative virtual environment for teleconferencing”. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact, 2(3):239–261, 1995.
  6. Fr´econ, E. and N¨ou, A. A. “Building distributed virtual environments to support collaborative work”. In VRST ’98: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology, pages 105–113, New York, NY, USA. ACM, 1998.
  7. Leigh, J., Johnson, A. E., and DeFanti, T. A. “Issues in the design of a flexible distributed architecture for supporting persistence and interoperability in collaborative virtual environments”. In Supercomputing ’97, Proceedings of the 1997 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing (CDROM), pages 1–14, New York, NY, USA. ACM, 1997.
  8. Margery, D., Arnaldi, B., and Plouzeau, N. “A general framework for cooperative manipulation in virtual environments”. Virtual Environments’99 Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop, pages 169–178, 1999.
  9. Otto, O., Dave, R., and Robin, W. “A review on effective closely-coupled collaboration using immersive CVEs”. In VRCIA ’06: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM international conference on Virtual reality continuum and its applications, pages 145–154. ACM, 2006.
  10. Aguerreche, L., Duval, T., and Arnaldi, B. “A description of a dialog to enable interaction between interaction tools and 3D objects in collaborative virtual environments”. In Proceedings of VRIC 2009, pages 63–73, 2009.
  11. Pinho, M. S., Bowman, D. A., and Freitas, C. M. D. S. “Cooperative object manipulation in collaborative virtual environments”. Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society, 14:54 – 67, 2008.
  12. S. Singhal and M. Zyda. “Networked Virtual Environments Design and Implementation”. ACM Press SIGGRAPH Series, Addison Wesley, 1999.
  13. S. Noll. “Entertainment technology and virtual environments for military training and education”. In http://www.educause. edu/ir/library/pdf/ffp0107s.pdf.
  14. NHS Medical Illustration Teleconferencing. http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/ich/html/support/medill/teleconferencing.
  15. K. Ruhleder and B. Jordan. “Meaning- making across remote sites: How delays in transmission affect interaction”. In Sixth European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work ECSCW, pages 411–429, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1999.
  16. World of Warcraft. http://www.worldof war craft.com.
  17. EVE Online: “The World’s Largest Game Universe”. http://www.eveonline.com.
  18. “Intuitive Surgery da Vinci Surgical System”. http://www.intuitivesurgical.com.
  19. C. Gunn, M. Hutchins, D. Stevenson, and M. Adcock. “Using collaborative haptic in remote surgical training”. In world HAPTICS First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, pages 481–482, Pisa, Italy, IEEE Computer Society, March 2005.
  20. “An Innovative Tactile Feedback System for a Personal Mobile Telecommunications Device”. https://tkp.tkk.fi/projects/2004/nokia.
  21. The Novint Falcon. http://www.novint.com /falcon.htm.
  22. Richard J. Adams, Daniel Klowden, B. H. “Virtual training for a manual assembly task. In Haptic-e”, volume 2, 2001.
  23. Tatar, D., Foster, G., and Bobrow, D, “Design for Conversation: Lessons from Cognoter. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies”, 1991. 34(2).
  24. Carl Gutwin et al, “Revealing Delay in Collaborative Environments”, Vienna, Austria, April 24–29, 2004.
  25. Salvador, T., J. Scholtz, and J. Larson, “The Denver Model for Groupware Design. SIGCHI Bulletin 28(1)”, 1996.
  26. Fluckiger, F. “Understanding Networked Multimedia”, Prentice Hall, 1995.
  27. Phillips, W.G. “Architectures for Synchronous Groupware”, Technical report 1999-425. Department of Computing and Information Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, 1999.
  28. Greenberg, S., and Marwood, D. “ReaL Time Groupware as a Distributed System: Concurrency Control and its Effect on the Interface”, Proc. CSCW’94, 207-217, ACM, 1994.
  29. A. Alam, S. Ullah, S. Khalid, Fakhr, I. Rabi, “Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW) and Network Issues: A Survey”, Information Journal Tokyo Japan, pp. 7995-8020, 2014.
  30. Zyda, S.S.a.M., “Networked Virtual Environm- ents Design and Implementation”, 1999.
  31. Spirent Communication, “Spirent Commu nication White Paper”, Jitter, version 1.00, 2007.
  32. Gutwin, C. “The Effects of Network Delays on Group Work in Real-Time Groupware in Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work”. Germany: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
  33. Vaghi, I., C. Greenhalgh, and Benford. “Coping with Inconsistency due to Network Delays in Collaborative Virtual Environments”. In Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Virtual Reality and Software Technology
  34. Park, K.a.K., “Effects of Network Characteristics on Human Performance in the Collaborative Virtual Environment”. In Proceedings of IEEE Virtual Reality '99. 1999.
  35. Bassiouni, M. A. & Mukherjee, A. “Data Compression in real-time distributed Systems”. Proceedings of Global Telecomm unications Conference (GLOBE COM), pp. 967-971. San Diego, CA: IEEE, 1990.
  36. Singhal, S. K, “Effective Remote Modelling in Large-scale Distributed Simulation and visualization environments”, Academic, Department, 1996.
  37. Singhal, S. K. & Zyda, M. “Networked Virtual Environments New York, ACM Press, 1999.
  38. http://ftp.utcluj.ro/pub/users/cemil/prc/CONGESTION%20CONTROL.ppt.
  39. http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/Informatik/AG-Karl/Lehre/WS0910/RNetze/cn1-ch7-congestioncontrol-4up.pdf.
  40. “Design best practices for latency optimization financial services technical decision maker”, ’white paper”.
  41. Alexey Tumanov, Robert Allison,Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, “Variability-Aware Latency Amelioration in Distributed Environments”, IEEE Virtual Reality Conference Charlotte, North Carolina, USA, 2007.
  42. http://www.searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/propagation-delay, 11 July 2013
  43. BERTSEKAS, D. AND GALLAGER, R. “Data Networks”. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall, 1992.
  44. SONG, Y. “Time Constrained Communication over Switched Ethernet”. Proceedings IFAC International Conference on Fieldbus Systems and their Application. Nancy, France, 152-169, 2001.
  45. Anurag, K., Manjunath, D. and Kuri, “Communication Networking: An Analytical Approach”. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, 2004.
  46. http://www.intel.com/technology/ioacelation/306517.pdf
  47. http://sagarsharam89.hubpages.com/hub/Optical-fiber-cable-vs-wireless-communication, 11 July 2013.
  48. Macedonia, M. R. and Zyda, M. J. “A taxonomy for networked virtual environ ments”. IEEE Multimedia, 4(1):48–56, 1997.
  49. R. Gossweiler, R. J. Laferriere, M. L. Keller, and R. Pausch. “An introductory tutorial for developing multiuser virtual environments”. Presence, 3(4):255{264, 1994.
  50. S. K. Singhal and D. R. Cheriton. Exploiting position history for efficient remote rendering in networked virtual reality. Presence, 4(2):169{193, 1995.
  51. C´edric Fleury, Thierry Duval, Val´erie Gouranton, Bruno Arnaldi, “Architectures and Mechanisms to efficiently Maintain Consistency in Collaborative Virtual Environments”, www.collaviz.org.
  52. D. Delaney, T. Ward, and S. McLoone. “On Consistency and Network Latency in Distributed Interactive Applications: A Survey – Part II”. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Env. 15(4):465–482, 2006.
  53. C. Anthes, P. Heinzlreiter, and J. Volkert. “An adaptive network architecture for close-coupled collaboration in distributed virtual environments”. In Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH int. conf. on VR continuum and its applications in industry (VRCAI’04), pages 382–385, 2004.
  54. S. Ullah, M. Millan, “Multi-modal Assistance for Collaborative 3D Interaction: Study and analysis of performance in collaborative work”, Thesis report, 26-01-2011.
  55. Fleury, Cédric, et al. "Architectures and Mechanisms to efficiently maintain Consistency in Collaborative Virtual Environments." Proc. of Software Engineering and Architectures for Realtime Interactive Systems-SEARIS, pp. 87-94, 2010.
  56. D. Delaney, T. Ward, and S. McLoone. “On Consistency and Network Latency in Distributed Interactive Applications: A Survey – Part II”. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Env. 15(4):465–482, 2006.
  57. R. Waters, D. Anderson, J. Barrus, D. Brogan, S. Mckeown, T. Nitta, I. Sterns, and W. Yerazunis. “Diamond Park and Spline: A Social Virtual Reality System with 3D Animation, Spoken Interaction, and Runtime Modifiability”. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(4):461–480, 1997.
  58. J. Calvin, A. Dickens, B. Gaines, P. Metzger, D. Miller, and D. Owen. “The SIMNET virtual world architecture”. In Proc. of the IEEE Virtual Reality Annual Int. Symp. (VRAIS’93), pages 450–455, Sep 1993.
  59. C. Shaw and M. Green. “The MR Toolkit Peers Package and Experiment”. In Proc. of the IEEE Virtual Reality Annual Int. Symp. (VRAIS’93), pages 463–469, 1993.
  60. C. El Zammar. “Interactions cooperatives 3D distantes en environnements virtuels gestion des problemes r´eseau”. PhD thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2005.
  61. M. Mauve, V. Hilt, C. Kuhmunch, and W. Effelsberg. “A general framework and communication protocol for the transmission of interactive media with real-time characteristics”. In Proc. of the IEEE Int. Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems (ICMCS’99), volume 2, pages 641–646, Jul 1999.
  62. D. P. Brutzman, M. Zyda, K. Watsen, and M. R. Macedonia. “Virtual Reality Transfer Protocol (VRTP) Design Rationale”. In Proc. of the 6th Workshop on Enabling Technologies on Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WET-ICE ’97), pages 179–186, 1997.
  63. W. Broll. “DWTP - an Internet protocol for shared virtual environments”. In Proc. of the 3rd symp on Virtual reality modeling language (VRML’98), pages 49–56, 1998.
  64. S. Jourdain, J. Forest, C. Mouton, B. Nouailhas, G. Moniot, F. Kolb, S. Chabridon, M. Simatic, Z. Abid, and L. Mallet. “ShareX3D, a scientific collaborative 3D viewer over HTTP”. In Proc. of the 13th int. symp. On 3D web technology (Web3D’08), pages 35–41, 2008.
  65. D. Delaney, T. Ward, and S. McLoone. “On consistency and network latency in distributed interactive applications: A survey – part I”. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 15(2):218–234, 2006.
  66. D. R. Jefferson. “Virtual time”. ACM Trans. on Programming Language and Systems, 7(3):404–425, 1985.
  67. T. A. Funkhouser. “RING: a client-server system for multi-user virtual environments”. In Proc. of the symp. On Interactive 3D graphics (SI3D’95), pages 85–93, 1995.
  68. D. Margery, B. Arnaldi, A. Chauffaut, S. Donikian, and T. Duval. “OpenMASK: Multi-Threaded or Modular Animation and Simulation Kernel or Kit: a General Introduction”. In Proc. of the Virtual Reality Int. Conf. (VRIC’02), pages 101–110, 2002.
  69. D. J. Roberts and P. M. Sharkey. “Maximizing concurrency and scalability in a consistent, causal, distributed virtual reality system, whilst minimizing the effect of network delays”. In Proc. of the IEEE workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, pages 161–166, Jun 1997.
  70. S. Jourdain, J. Forest, C. Mouton, B. Nouailhas, G. Moniot, F. Kolb, S. Chabridon, M. Simatic, Z. Abid, and L. Mallet. “ShareX3D, a scientific collaborative 3D viewer over HTTP”. In Proc. of the 13th int. symp. On 3D web technology (Web3D’08), pages 35–41, 2008.
  71. G. Singh, L. Serra, W. Png, A. Wong, and H. Ng. “BrickNet: sharing object behaviors on the Net”. In Proc. of the IEEE Virtual Reality Annual Int. Symp. (VRAIS’95), pages 19–25, Mar 1995.
  72. Zeigler, B. P., Cho, H., Lee, J. S., Cho, Y. K. & Sarjoughian, H. S. “Predictive Contract Methodology and Federation Performance”. Proceedings of Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop (SIW '99) Orlando, Florida, 1999.
  73. Lin, K.-C. & Schab, D. E. “The performance assessment of the dead reckoning algorithms in DIS”. Simulation 63(5): 318-325, 1994.
  74. Capin, T. K., Emeraldo, J. & Thalmann, D. “A dead reckoning technique for streaming virtual human animation”. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 9(3): 411-414, 1999.
  75. Roberts, D. J., Strassner, J., Worthington, B. G. & Sharkey, P. M. “Influence of the supporting protocol on the latencies induced by concurrency control within large scale multiuser distributed virtual reality system”. Proceedings of International Conference on Virtual Worlds and Simulation (VWSIM), SCS Western Multi-conference '99, pp. 70-75, San Francisco, California, 1999.
  76. Krumm-Heller, A. & Taylor, S. “Using determinism to improve the accuracy of dead reckoning algorithms”. Proceedings of SimTecT2000 - The Simulation Technology and Training Conference Sydney, Australia: Simulation Industry Association of Australia, 2000.
  77. Duncan, T. P. & Gracanin, D. “Pre-Reckoning algorithm for Distributed Virtual Environments”.Proceedings of Winter Simul ation Conference, pp. 1086-1093, 2003.
  78. Benford, S. D. & Fahlén, L. E. “Aura, Focus and Awareness”. Proceedings of 5th MultiG Workshop Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden: Kungl Tekniska Hogskolan, 1992.
  79. Benford, S. & Fahlén, L. E. “A Spatial Model of Interaction for Large Virtual Environments”. Proceedings of Third European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW '93) (pp. 107-123). Milano, Italy: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1993.
  80. Greenhalgh, C. & Benford, S. “Boundaries Awareness and Interaction in collaborative Virtual Environments”. Proceedings of 6th Workshop on Enabling Technologies on Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WET-ICE '97), pp. 193-198, Cambridge, MA: IEEE, 1997.
  81. Funkhouser, T. A. RING: “A client-server system for multiuser virtual environments”. Proceedings of Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics (pp. 85-92). Monterey, California, United States: ACM SIGGRAPH, 1995.
  82. Macedonia, M. R., Zyda, M. J., Pratt, D. R., Barham, P. T. & Zeswitz, S. NPSNET: “A Network Software Architecture for Large Scale Virtual Environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments”, 3(4): 265-287, 1994.
  83. Hook, D. J. V. D., J. C., Newton, M. & Fusco, D. “An Approach to DIS Scalability. Proceedings of 11th Workshop in Standards for the Interoperability of Distributed Simulation”, pp. 347-355, 1994.
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Collaborative Virtual Environment Network Latency Multimedia Synchronization Consistency Throughput.