CFP last date
20 January 2025
Reseach Article

Isolated Handwritten Roman Numerals Recognition using Dynamic Programming, Naive Bayes and Support Vectors Machines

by R. Salouan, S. Safi, B. Bouikhalene
International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 113 - Number 19
Year of Publication: 2015
Authors: R. Salouan, S. Safi, B. Bouikhalene
10.5120/20087-2116

R. Salouan, S. Safi, B. Bouikhalene . Isolated Handwritten Roman Numerals Recognition using Dynamic Programming, Naive Bayes and Support Vectors Machines. International Journal of Computer Applications. 113, 19 ( March 2015), 48-56. DOI=10.5120/20087-2116

@article{ 10.5120/20087-2116,
author = { R. Salouan, S. Safi, B. Bouikhalene },
title = { Isolated Handwritten Roman Numerals Recognition using Dynamic Programming, Naive Bayes and Support Vectors Machines },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { March 2015 },
volume = { 113 },
number = { 19 },
month = { March },
year = { 2015 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 48-56 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume113/number19/20087-2116/ },
doi = { 10.5120/20087-2116 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T22:51:25.282350+05:30
%A R. Salouan
%A S. Safi
%A B. Bouikhalene
%T Isolated Handwritten Roman Numerals Recognition using Dynamic Programming, Naive Bayes and Support Vectors Machines
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 113
%N 19
%P 48-56
%D 2015
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

Optical character recognition is undoubtedly considered as a one of the most active and dynamic fields of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence; it really provides in fact a solution for recognizing large volume of patterns automatically. The purpose of the present study is to compare in one hand between the performances of three novel hybrid methods used in OCR for extracting efficiently the features from characters which are the structural method called zoning combined in first time with Krawtchouk, then in second time with pseudo-Zernike invariant moments then finally combined with invariant analytical Fourier-Mellin transform in third time, and between the precision of three classifiers which the first one is a statistical that is the support vectors machine, the second is a probabilistic that is the naïve Bayes while the third forms part from optimization that is the dynamic programming on the other hand. For this purpose, we have preprocessed each numeral image by the median filter, the thresholding, the centering and the edge detection techniques. Moreover, the experiments that we have applied provided us convincing and satisfactory results.

References
  1. Rachid Salouan, Said Safi and Belaid. Bouikhalene, A Comparison between the Self-Organizing Maps and the Support Vector Machines for Handwritten Latin Numerals Recognition, International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research ISSN 2351-8014 Vol. 7 No. 1 Aug. 2014, pp. 50-56© 2014 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals.
  2. Basappa B.Kodada and Shivakumar K.M. Unconstrained Handwritten Kannada Numeral Recognition , International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 2, March 2013.
  3. Rajashekararadhya S.V. and Vanaja Ranjan P., “Efficient zone based feature extraction algorithm for handwritten numeral recognition of four popular south Indian scripts”, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology,2005, pp 1171- 1181.
  4. Rachid Salouan, Said Safi and Belaid. Bouikhalene, A Comparative Study between the Pseudo Zernike and Krawtchouk Invariants Moments for Printed Arabic Characters Recognition, JOURNAL OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN WEB INTELLIGENCE, VOL. 6, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2014.
  5. Rachid Salouan, Said Safi and Belaid. Bouikhalene, Printed Arabic Noisy Characters Recognition Using the Multi-layer Perceptron, International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research ISSN 2351-8014 Vol. 9 No. 1 Sep. 2014, pp. 61-69 c 2014 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals.
  6. Kianoosh BAGHERI NOAPARAST* and Ali BROUMANDNIA Persian Handwritten Word Recognition Using Zernike and Fourier–Mellin Moments, SETIT 2009 5th International Conference: Sciences of Electronic,Technologies of Information and Telecommunications March 22-26, 2009 – TUNISIA
  7. Shahrul Nizam Yaakob and Puteh Saad, Krawtchouk Moment Invariant And Gaussian ARTMAP Neural Network: A Combination Techniques For Image Classification, KUKUM Engineering Research Seminar 2006.
  8. Anass El affar Khalid Ferdous, Abdeljabbar Cherkaoui Hakim El fadil, Hassan Qjidaa: Krawtchouk Moment Feature Extraction for Neural Arabic Handwritten Words Recognition, IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.9No.1,January 2009.
  9. Rachid Salouan, Said Safi and Belaid. Bouikhalene, A Comparative Study Between the Hidden Markov Models and the Support Vector Machines for Noisy Printed Numerals Latin Recognition, International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research ISSN 2351-8014 Vol. 5 No. 1 Jul. 2014, pp. 16-24 © 2014 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals.
  10. Rachid Salouan, Said Safi and Belaid. Bouikhalene, Printed Eastern Arabic Noisy Numerals Recognition Using Hidden Markov Model and Support Vectors Machine, International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies ISSN 2028-9324 Vol. 9 No. 3 Nov. 2014, pp. 1032-1042 © 2014 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals.
  11. Gita Sinha, Dr. Jitendra kumar, Arabic numeral recognition using SVM classifier, International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-2, Issue-5), May 2013.
  12. Thiago C.Mota and Antonio C.G.Thomé, One-Against-All-Based Multiclass SVM Strategies Applied to Vehicle Plate Character Recognition, IJCNN, 2009.
  13. Elijah Olusayo Omidiora, Ibrahim Adepoju Adeyanju ,Olusayo Deborah Fenwa, Comparison of Machine Learning Classifiers for Recognition of Online and Offline Handwritten Digits, Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2863 (Online), Vol.4, No.13, 2013.
  14. H.H. Avilés-Arriaga, L.E. Sucar-Succar, C.E. Mendoza-Durán, , L.A. Pineda-Cortés, A Comparison of Dynamic Naive Bayesian Classifiers and Hidden Markov Models for Gesture Recognition, Journal of Applied Research and Technology, Vol.9 No.1 April 2011.
  15. Palacios M.A., Brizuela C.A. & Sucar L.E., Evolutionary Learning of Dynamic Naive Bayesian Classifiers, Proc. 21th International FLAIRS Conference, 2008, pp. 655-659.
  16. Pradeepta K. Sarangi, P. Ahmed and Kiran K. Ravulakollu, Naïve Bayes Classifier with LU Factorization for Recognition of Handwritten Odia Numerals, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 7(1), 35–38, January 2014
  17. Mohamed Fakir , M. M. Hassani , Chuichi Sodeyama , ON THE RECOGNITION OF ARABIC CHARACTERS USING HOUGH TRANSFORM TECHNIQUE, Malaysian Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 13 No. 2, December 2000, pp. 39-47.
  18. Rachid El Ayachi, Mohamed Fakir and Belaid Bouikhalene, Recognition of Tifinaghe Characters Using Dynamic Programming & Neural Network, www. intechopen. com.
  19. H. Sakoe and S. Chiba. (1978). Dynamic Programming Algorithm Optimization for Spoken Word Recognition, IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech and Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-26, No.1, 1978, pp. 401-408
  20. Sylvain Chevalier, Edouard Geoffrois, and Françoise Prêteux. (2003). A 2D Dynamic Programming Approach for Markov Random Field-based Handwritten Character Recognition, Proceedings IAPR International Conference on Image and Signal Processing (ICISP' 2003), Agadir, Morocco, 2003, p. 617-630.
  21. Pew-Thian Yap, Raveendran Paramesran, Senior Member IEEE, and Seng-Huat On Image analysis by Krawtchouk moments, IEEE transactions on image processing, vol. 12, NO. 11, November 2003
  22. M.Teague.Image analysis via the general theory B of moments. Journal Optical Society of America,70:920–930,1980.
  23. F. Ghorbel. A complete invariant description for gray-level images by the harmonic analysis approach. Pattern Recognition Letters, 15:1043{1051, October 1994.
  24. V.N. Vapnik, "An overview of statistical learning theory", IEEE Trans. Neural Networks., vol. 10, pp. 988– 999, Sep.1999.
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Isolated handwritten Roman numerals the median filter Naïve Bayes classifier Support vectors machine Zoning method Krawtchouk invariant moment